弹丸爆炸仿真与破片质量统计软件开发

针对利用试验研究弹丸爆炸过程难度大的问题,采用ANSYS／LS-DYNA有限元软件对弹丸爆炸过程进行了仿真,设计开发了破片质量分布统计软件,再现了弹丸爆炸的宏观过程,并且得到了破片质量分布的定量结果．     

一类具变号非线性项和p-Laplacian算子的仇点·边值问题的多个正解

研究一类具Laplacian算子的m点边值问题（Ф（u＇））＇＋q（t）f（t,u）=0,0〈t〈1,u（0）=^m-2∑i=1aiu（ζi）,u＇（1）=βu＇（0）.利用锥上的不动点指数定理,对上述具有变号的非线性项的边值问题进行研究,得到多个正解存在的充分条件．     

基于分层核粒子滤波的快速运动目标跟踪

针对目标发生快速、运动不规则及遮挡等情况下的跟踪问题,提出了一种分层核采样策略。首先通过先验转移和后验转移分别预测2组粒子来建立联合分布,利用聚类算法近似联合分布粒子集的混合高斯分布;然后对每个聚类进行采样;最后采用均值漂移算法将粒子移动到后验密度的局部极值处。实验结果表明:算法在目标发生快速机动情况时,跟踪性能优于传统粒子滤波、核粒子滤波及分层粒子滤波,且对遮挡具有较好的鲁棒性。     

高硬再制造表面强化层的加热切削研究

应用高性能硬质合金、陶瓷刀具和CBN刀具对常温条件下难以加工的高硬堆焊材料进行加热切削试验。试验结果表明：尽管加热条件下冲击效应降低,但CBN刀具仍然破损严重;陶瓷刀具虽然也无法实现理想的切削,但切削过程中刀具破损模式从崩碎式失效转变为磨损失效;3种刀具中高性能硬质合金应用效果最佳,其最佳参数条件下,一个切削里程后刀面VB值仅为0．3mm,试验过程中,刀具磨损随表面加热温度、切削速度、切削深度的提高而增大,但随进给量取值的增大而减小,其中切削速度对刀具VB值的影响最大,而进给量和削切深度对刀具VB值的影响较小。综合分析还表明：试验中刀具磨损速率仍然受刀具红硬性极限的限制。     

基于AHP——探索法的对潜通信系统效能评估

从对潜通信的军事特征出发,建立评估指标体系,并提出一种改进的层次分析——探索法,结合模糊评判理论计算通信系统的效能。该方法运用探索标度值的思想,给出一种新的判断矩阵的构造方法,合理地处理决策因素的不确定性。实例分析表明:该方法精确、有效,易于在计算机上实现,具有较高的应用价值。     

液压水锤效应引起液体喷溅特性及其影响因素试验研究

为研究液压水锤效应引起的液体喷溅特性及其影响因素,进行了高速破片撞击充液容器的试验,测试了液体内的空腔振荡特性、压力分布特性和容器外的液体喷溅特性。试验结果表明:液压水锤效应引起的液体喷溅有两个不同的阶段。第一个阶段发生在空腔生长到最大体积后的400~700 μs内,喷溅液体的头部呈箭状;在第二个阶段出现多次形状相似的脉动喷溅,且单次脉动均发生在每次空腔溃灭之后,喷溅液体具有伞状头部与线状尾部。液体内的压力和侵彻孔的形态共同影响液体的喷溅速度,相对喷溅速度与破片的撞击速度成反比。喷溅液体在运动过程中存在速度波动,且随着喷溅次数的增加,液体喷溅速度逐渐下降,速度拐点出现的位置逐渐接近侵彻孔。     

无奇点三维攻击时间控制滑模导引律

为研究导弹在视场角约束下的三维攻击时间控制问题,提出一种三维非线性滑模导引律。利用攻击时间误差设计滑模面,推导出三维形式的俯仰和偏航加速度指令;通过对所设计制导律进行简单修正,解决了零初始前置角引起的奇点问题;从数学上证明了该导引律的稳定性和收敛性,讨论了导引律相关参数的取值范围,分析了与纯比例导引法、解耦三维导引律之间的关系。仿真结果表明,所设计导引律能够在视场角约束条件下有效实现攻击时间增大或减小的控制;俯仰和偏航平面的耦合程度越强,该导引律控制能耗小的优势越为明显。     

Damage mechanics and energy absorption capabilities of naturalfiber reinforced elastomeric based bio composite for sacrificial structural applications

The present study deals with the experimental, finite element (FE) and analytical assessment of low ballistic impact response of proposedflexible'green' composite make use of naturally available jute and rubber as the constituents of the composite with stacking sequences namely jute/rubber/jute (JRJ), jute/rubber/rubber/jute (JRRJ) and jute/rubber/jute/rubber/jute (JRJRJ). Ballistic impact tests were carried out by firing a conical projectile using a gas gun apparatus at lower range of ballistic impact regime. The ballistic impact response of the proposed flexible composites are assesses based on energy absorption and damage mechanism. Results revealed that inclusion of natural rubber aids in better energy ab-sorption and mitigating the failure of the proposed composite. Among the three different stacking se-quences of flexible composites considered, JRJRJ provides better ballistic performance compared to its counterparts. The damage study reveals that the main mechanism of failure involved in flexible com-posites is matrix tearing as opposed to matrix cracking in stiff composites indicating that the proposedflexible composites are free from catastrophic failure. Results obtained from experimental, FE and analytical approach pertaining to energy absorption and damage mechanism agree well with each other. The proposed flexible composites due to their exhibited energy absorption capabilities and damage mechanism are best suited as claddings for structural application subjected to impact with an aim of protecting the main structural component from being failed catastrophically.     

A general approach to the shape of failure rate and MRL functions

Failure rate and mean residual life are two important characteristics for studying reliability of products. In literature, some work studied the shape of failure rate function based on the knowledge of the associated probability density function; some other work investigated the shape of mean residual life function based on the shape of the associated failure rate function separately for continuous case and discrete case. In this article, a general approach is developed which can be applied to the aforementioned studies. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

现代条件下的价值创造与价值分配

从现代条件下劳动领域的扩展和劳动形态的变化出发 ,说明价值创造和价值分配的内在联系 ,同时指出 ,价值分配又不完全取决于价值创造 ,还受产权制度等因素的约束 ,并联系我国目前分配制度改革的实践 ,为收入理论创新寻找突破口